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Section 4    Foreword    *Time-Frame    Accounting    *Time-Cycles    *Time-Space    *Anticipation    *Uncertainty
 

4.4

 ---- Time-Cycles

 

 

The top left of the adjacent figure reminds the double-entry balance sheet that we have when we look at the coordinates balance only.

 

When we look from the motion standpoint, we will have to keep the balance for both the forward and the backward view point. In turn, we will need to handle one more balance sheet.

The plane representation of a motion between two points illustrates the existence of an internal and of an external path with regard to the interval between those two positions.

The path [1-2] is different from ]1-2[.

Hence the time stand point needs to keep the balance for the four different view points that are two for the forward and backward paths each combined with the internal and external options.

Hence the complete description of a motion requires a balance among eight bits to reflect the existence of four cycles and three dimensions, the space being [q] x [p] x [t]. 

 

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Parallelisms : Accounting - Neurophenomenology - Quantum field - Algebra - Complex numbers - Quaternions - Octonions


Accounting

The adjacent figure illustrates in an alternative fashion how we can obtain all the successive standpoints only by reworking the single principle of a "debit-credit" account that is symbolized here by [1] - [i].

The reader must pay attention that the upper frame is written - as all the upper text frames - for the sake of capturing the general concept.

In this upper frame, it is exposed how an observer will take in account for the three perspectives that are successively the coordinate, the motion and the time.

To have our double eye system, still we need a second observer having a different way of looking but who also will need to watch from the same three perspectives and will provide with the same information.

In turn it means that a complete description will required 6 dimensions - 3 real for the "internal observer" and 3 imaginaries for the "external observer" - and a total of 16 digits.

This is suggested in the following illustration here below where the second half of the figure is a kind of mirrored inverted image of the first half.

Noticeable is to remind that a double eye system can exhibit 16 records permutations - see the table in the lower text frame of the page 3.4 - so that one can imagine that they may possibly be all embedded univocally within the above double eyes system that completely incorporates the three perspectives that are the coordinate, the motion and the time.

It looks like the record table that is a 4 lines x 16 columns on the page 3.4 may now become a 16 lines X 16 columns.


Neurophenomenology

This point is here only to rise the question whether any of the numbers mentioned in the above figures  may have correlations with the current or maximum number of visual entities that a human brain can handle at once.


Quantum field

Without entering much details, let's mention in a visual manner that the accounting from the "time view point" - that is a complete view point - infer a morphic parallelism with formalizations of quantum fields.

In this sense, each "debit-credit" or "assets-liabilities" pairs can be seen as two opposite fields, one for generating tangibles - say creations - and the other one for generating intangibles - say annihilations.

In business like in physics, those two operations can be commutative but they are generally not and they can eventually be exactly balanced but they are more generally balanced via reconciliation account - say like uncertainty or [u]-[v] accounts.

In a more general sense this suggests that any situation in "life" can be represented by the co-existence of opposite characteristics and that the evolutions would be dictated by balance-unbalances ratios between them.

This principle of managing opposite dualities is present in a large diversity of human related domains: it is often recognized as a base of the oriental mentality - say the Yin Yang, it has also been utilized in psychology - i.e. Myers-Brigss Type Indicator - and it enforced in several consulting methods as a manner to generate and manage individual - and organizational - transitions - i.e. W. Bridges or R. Fritz.  


Algebra - Complex numbers - Quaternions - Octonions

Noticeable is that if we assimilate the T-account as drawn above to complex numbers, we create a close analogy with the vision of the complex numbers as introduced by W. Hamilton and the extend it visually to the concept of quaternions - also introduced by W. Hamilton - and to the concept of octonions -  which introduction has been disputed between W. Hamilton and A. Cayley (see "The octonions" (pdf) - John C. Baez).

It is amazing that both W. Hamilton and A. Cayley are among the rare mathematicians who may have have been aware of the practices of the double-entry book-keeping - with a remaining uncertainty for W. Hamilton. Can one wonder how much their innovative mathematical contributions to complex numbers, quaternions and octonions are not "simply" implicit extensions of the double-entry book-keeping system? 

The above figures illustrates that when you know about book-keeping practices, it is somewhat natural for a mathematician to think about complex numbers, quaternions and octonions - i.e. as introduced respectively by W. R. Hamilton and A. Cayley in the 19th century.

How much W. Hamilton and A. Cayley have been inspired by double-entry bookkeeping remains unknown to us, but it looks obvious that there is an analogy between our actual results and the concepts of complex numbers, quaternions and octonions.

This analogy strongly suggests that we are like "re-traveling" here the construction of theoretical dynamics - say classical and quantum - via an other track based on a much more simple and accessible concept than the actual set of mathematical abstractions.